Baldomero roxas biography of albert
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Lipa’s Old Gentry
The Old Families of Lipa, Batangas are renowned for their rich history and cultural heritage. These families were prominent during Lipa’s golden era in the late nineteenth century when the town was known for its coffee cultivation and trade. One fascinating aspect of these families is their tradition of intermarrying among themselves, primarily to maintain their social status and ensure that their children marry within the town’s social circle. This led to a high incidence of consanguineous marriages among notable clans such as Solis, Katigbak, Luz, Roxas, Africa, Mayo, Kalaw, and Dimayuga.
THE SOLIS, AGUILERA, OLAGUIVEL and LOZADA FAMILIES
“The Lipeño aristocracy in reality belonged to only one family group, all sired by Don Celestino Solis in a succession of three wives. Solis had about three times as many daughters as sons, and daughters had many more daughters. They were said to be the richest family in Villa de Lipa and their lives seemed to be like fairy tales.” – Maria Kalaw-Katigbak
The Solis clan was considered the richest family in Lipa and perhaps in the Batangas province. This family descended from Don Celestino Solis, born to Juan Solis, said to be a mestizo of Spanish-Mexican ancestry, and Irene de lo
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History of the Philippines
The history of the Philippines dates from the earliest hominin activity in the archipelago at least by 709,000 years ago.[1]Homo luzonensis, a species of archaic humans, was present on the island of Luzon[2][3] at least by 134,000 years ago.[4]
The earliest known anatomically modern human was from Tabon Caves in Palawan dating about 47,000 years.[5]Negrito groups were the first inhabitants to settle in the prehistoric Philippines.[6] These were followed by Austroasiatics, Papuans, and South Asians.[7] By around 3000 BCE, seafaring Austronesians, who form the majority of the current population, migrated southward from Taiwan.[8] By 2000 BCE the archipelago was the crux of a trans-oceanic Philippine jade culture.[9]
Scholars generally believe that these ethnic and social groups eventually developed into various settlements or polities with varying degrees of economic specialization, social stratification, and political organization.[10] Some of these settlements (mostly those located on major river deltas) achieved such a scale of social complexity that some scholars believe they should be considered early states.[11] This includes the
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